study in depth the past helps us to understand the present.
During the first Mexican Empire by Agustín de Iturbide (1821-1823), parity was at $ 0.97 pesos per dollar and remained almost unchanged until 1875 when it was redefined as one peso per dollar and so prevailed during the Porfiriato from 1884 to 1911
economic stability ended at the start Mexican Revolution.
The distrust that international markets had bilimbiques weight was revolutionary because its securities are traded up to $ 23.oo bilimbiques per dollar due to speculation
Years later, when it began to stabilize the political situation , so did the weight placed on two pesos to the dollar with some fluctuations until 1934
CARDENATO.1934-1940 THE BEGINNING OF ELECTORAL
PATRONAGE Once the interim president of Callista Abelardo L Rodriguez (of September 4, 1932 until November 30, 1934) Plutarco Elías Calles named "democratically" to President General Lazaro Cardenas in Mexico.
An important part of Lázaro Cárdenas cabinet is appointed by Plutarco Elias Calles, "head up"
Lazaro Cardenas del Rio formed labor unions and peasant associations (CTM-CNOP.CNC-), to counteract the power of Streets based on their military friends and former comrades in arms
Lázaro Cárdenas was proposed in theory turn Mexico into a socialist country like contemporary Russian. Lázaro Cárdenas
teachers indoctrinated with Marxist-Leninist theories, amended Article 3 of the constitution a few months before taking power and replaced the term-"secular education"-for "socialist education." Many children learned in music class the Communist International.
Lazaro Cardenas in 1934 the peso was at $ 3.60 per dollar and this gave him to his successor, Manuel Avila Camacho in 1940 at $ 5.40.por dollar.
The devaluation of the peso against the dollar during the Cardenas was 50%
THE THEORY OF LAND REFORM.
In the states of Sonora and Coahuila began land reform, originally planned by the Zapatistas. The division of land was considered by many historians-government as the greatest twentieth-century history of Mexico.
In RealD, during the presidency of General Lazaro Cardenas del Rio was 18 million hectares distributed to communities and ejidos, most land was temporary, rocky or salty they were not exploited by the landowners because of low profitability and some with the river valleys were assigned to the families of the leaders of former ejido landowners owned enemies of Calles and Cardenas.
Thus, during the presidency of Lázaro Cárdenas increased to 25 million acres the amount of land in the social sector, ie, plots that were out of the system privately owned.
The purpose of land distribution designed for the Cardenas government sought not only in theory (I forget the SAR and will remove the tilde or tilde only, but I am rebellious hobby and do not consider myself a subject of this dude the king told him, I will write only as mandated by the Real Academia de la Lengua Mexicana, RALM -) satisfying popular demand embodied in the constitution of 1917, but in theory, the formation of small production units, capable of self-sufficiency food.
The basic unit of the reform model was the creation of ejidos. It was
an endowment of land that was given to a population center for the advantage of the way they saw fit.
Each ejido should be regulated by an internal organ called Ejido Commissariat, composed of the holders of the prize that elected a president and a board of directors.
The Ejido Commissioner was empowered to represent the landowners in the government procedures.
Because at the end of the Revolution, most of the country was in economic ruin, the government of Lázaro Cárdenas created the "National Bank of Ejido Credit-(Banjidal-Bandidal) - intended to capitalize on ejido nuclei.
Además de la repartición de tierras y el financiamiento monetario, la reforma agraria del Cardenato incluía el establecimiento de un sistema educativo que permitiría en teoría la formación de profesionistas técnicos que ayudararían al desarrollo de los ejidos.
Por ello, asociados a los núcleos ejidales, se crearían escuelas donde los niños y jóvenes debíerían adquirir conocimientos sobre agricultura, ganadería y aquellas otras actividades específicas que permitieran la conservación del medio ambiente .
En ese sentido, la reforma agraria llevada a cabo durante el sexenio de 1934-1940 pretendia diferenciarse de la implementada por los gobiernos above, for whom everything was limited to the allocation of land to individuals engaged in small-scale agriculture.
What the Ministry of Agriculture Cardenas sought in the second half of the decade of 1930 was the creation of competitive agricultural centers.
However, the plan for technical training, such as funding, were unable to compensate for the lag in the Mexican countryside.
Cardenato
's plan only worked in certain regions, such as those Lagunera (Coahuila) and the Yaqui River Valley (Sonora) had irrigation and fertile land.
On the other hand, though the allocation of land for the government Cardenas was the largest in the history of Mexico, did not significantly decrease the size of the land in small and medium land, and estates.
The best lands of the landlords friends heirs of the revolution were never touched by the land distribution.
The best land has always remained in the hands of Creoles Hederos beneficiaries of independence from Spain.
English Creole landowners and some Jewish converts to Catholicism ceased to be dependent on the English crown in 1821 and the Indians and mestizos living in poverty continued under the tutelage of the neo-feudal even after the revolt of 1910.
Beautiful
sinks: only one hundred thirty years before the start of cardenato year, Miguel Hidalgo, Aldama, Allende, Morelos etc, gave their lives to oust the Spaniards abusive and Cardenas entered the country nearly 25,000 English refugees fleeing the civil war crowded into ships Sinaia, Ipanema and Mexique between 1939 and 1942.
(Did you know that to date the Iberian Peninsula many Mexicans are discriminated against dark?. The truth is that it hurts the discriminatory treatment they give some English Baturros brown-skinned Mexicans and poor in our country even when they have the misfortune need to work for them)
During the six years (1940-1946), land distribution was stopped and launched a "counter" agricultural land stripped again recently obtained some suburbs, to dispose of them.
THE PRI-HEIRS OF THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION BETRAYED and agrarian democratic ideals of Francis I. Madero, Francisco Villa and Emiliano Zapata
Since 1938 long before what he wanted Cárdenas, broke the career of presidential succession.
PNR internal forces bent by general Manuel Avila Camacho and Francisco J. Mugica.
anticardenistas groups postulated Juan Andreu Almazán by the National Unification Revolutionary Party. to counter the undemocratic practices of patronage and Cardenas.
Apparently, it was thought that the logical choice would be the radical Cardenas Francisco Mugica.
However, Cardenas makes a radical side to Francisco Mujica and decide on a old military friend and loyal lieutenant, Manuel Avila Camacho Ávila Camacho
remains an official candidate to be his opponent Juan Andrew Almazan, the leader of the opposition which had the support of many sectors anticardenistas.
Amid the protests, clashes, violence and shooting and serious suspicions of fraud Avila Camacho general election by election wins state elections July 7, 1940 the beginning throwing the trash timber "sufagio cash."
BRACERO PROGRAM OF CAMACHO.
American agriculture has always depended on Mexican labor for its development and prosperity
El Paso Texas / Ciudad Juarez, have traditionally played an important role in the historical movement of Mexican migrant farm workers.
During the bracero program, from 1942 to 1964, almost five million Mexicans came to work in agricultural fields Unidos.y States five million Mexicans entered illegally to work in the construction industry, gardening, servitude in the homes of Americans, and all those jobs that people with darker skin do not want.
peasants It was the most important rural agricultural areas of Mexico, Coahuila, Durango, Chihuahua, etc., Who also had played an important role in the Mexican Revolution of 1910.
Although more than two million farmers lost their lives during the Mexican Revolution of 1910, the government never gave them the means to survive by working their Tierrita in their rural communities. So
that by the end of the thirties, when the fields are not paid enough, there was a famine and little work.
The farmer had to find other livelihoods. in cities by creating urban slums in the outskirts of the capital cities particularly in Mexico City.
This grave situation coincided with the sudden demand for manpower in the E. udeb World War II.
On August 4, 1942, the governments of Franklin Roosevelt, the U.S. and Manuel Avila Camacho, Mexico, established the Bracero Program.
The Mexican farmer then had an alternative to poverty by enrolling as a bracero, and at the same time, satisfying the need for arms to work the farmland nortemericanos. (gringos ungrateful and treacherous Mexican political bosses), (PRI every six years 1934 to 2000 was a griddle politicians, intellectuals and business-related media millionaires policy, and a large griddle new poor peasants) Manuel Avila Camacho
reduced Cardenas inherited parity of $ 5.40 to $ 4.85 per dollar and at the end of his mandate gave it to Michael German at 4.85 due to short economic stability 'by remittances of dollars sent to Mexico mensualmete five million farmers that drove the U.S. farmland to the deception of the bracero program.
the devaluations of 1934 TO 2010
Lázaro Cárdenas 1934 ($ 3.60) 1940 ($ 5.40) per dollar:
Devaluation 50%
Manuel Avila 1940 ($ 4.85) 1946 ($ 4.85) per dollar devaluation, 0%)
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
DISASTER DUE TO CORRUPTION
PRIistas $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $ $ $ $
Miguel Alemán1946 ($ 4.85) 1952 ($ 8.65) per dollar:
Devaluation, 78%
AdolfoRuiz C.1952 ($ 8.65) 1958 ($ 12.50) per dollar:
Devaluation, 50%
Luis Echeverria A, 1970 ($ 12.50) -1976 ($ 20.60) per dollar:
Devaluation, 65%. JOSÉ LÓPEZ PORTILLO
1976-1982, the image of PRI corruption that sucked most of the politicians who now surround Peña Nieto.
NEW PRI-Lopez Portillo: PROUDLY PRI.
(Beatriz Paredes Rangel proudly PRI - at age 25 old face of the new PRI Lopez Portillo of his time, deputy to the State Legislature XLVIII Tlaxcala in the period from 1975 a1978 and Chairman of the Standing Committee itself.)
Since his election campaign, the candidate José López Portillo proudly PRI, issued a sentence of time: "Corruption is the cancer of this country. Mexico runs the risk of devour itself if we fail to control corruption."
His demagogic anti-corruption strategy became, paradoxically, in the disaster six years. Looting and theft of property of the nation were again punished.
Inexplicable enrichment of public officials, and the resulting debt of millions of Mexicans were his trademark.
A significant chapter of black history López / Portillo was the discovery of the bodies of Colombian drug traffickers dumped the drainage channel in Mexico City, which later appeared in the Tula River in the State of Hidalgo.
In 1981, a group of special agents called "jaguar" of the police in Mexico City, participated in the murder of eleven multiple dedicated to Colombian cocaine and Mexican driver.
The capital's police chief, Arturo Durazo Moreno (proudly PRI) childhood friend Jose Lopez Portillo had established contact with the Medellin cartel, in collusion with the drug barons, agreed that Mexico City would serve as a transit point for cocaine.
The negotiation was interrupted by the very Durazo Moreno, who ordered Miguel Nazar Haro, head of the Investigations Division for the Prevention of Crime (DIPD), to eliminate a Colombian drug traffickers. José López Portillo
made by the President of the Republic a great deal for his family and put in jail a few corrupt to appease the anger of a people who felt robbed by his predecessor Luis Echeverría Alvarez, proudly PRI.
In 1977, Alfredo Rios Camarena (proudly PRI) was encardcelado by the scandal of Bahia de Banderas.
This man had been secretary of Augusto Gomez Villanueva (to vary-president of the National Peasant Confederation-CNC from 1967 to 1970), a position he also played Félix García Barra, who also was indicted for extorting money from a landowner in Ciudad Acuña, Coahuila, who has ordered 10 million dollars to sign a check for damages.
Despite spectacular action against a few former officials of this administration Echeverria, enlightened public opinion was a "political vendetta" against his predecessor, López Portillo
justified the existence of corruption in Mexico:
"The problem of corruption is embedded in all world, there's no tearing the clothes and say that only happens in Mexico. "
was arrested in 1978 Docurro Eugenio Mendez, who had been Secretary of Communications and Transport Luis Echeverria and Lopez Portillo served as Secretary of Public Education. He found
a theft of 2 million 600 thousand dollars to the state company Intelsat. Behind bars, he admitted that he stole the money and had no choice but to return it. Escaped.
In May 1978, was also arrested Fausto Cantú Peña (proudly PRI), director of Inmecafe (Mexicanio Coffee Institute), because he confessed that he received 200 pesos to "bite" for each bag of coffee exported contraband. In a single operation earned more than a million dollars. Also escaped.
Later, Miguel Lerma Candelaria (proudly PRI), which was federal deputy and officer Banrural (Rural Development Bank), the I found a fraud by 5 billion pesos (200 million dollars), but thanks to a whistle escaped to the United States. Lopezportillista regime impunity prevailed again.
Jose Lopez Portillo, was passed in 1982 to the people as a man deceived by his friends and family.
Jose Lopez Portillo left the people of Mexico a foreign debt of 80 billion dollars. The corrupt government of the roadways free of impunity.
historical debt to the field was left to the speeches of the annual allegorical celebration each November 20. José
López Portillo1976 ($ 20.60) 1982 ($ 70.00) per dollar: Devaluation
240%.
Miguel de la Madrid 1982 ($ 70.00) 1988 ($ 2,285.00) per dollar:
Devaluation 3.164%
Carlos Salinas 1988 ($ 2285) 1994 ($ 3,450.00) per dollar:
Devaluation, 51%
Ernesto Zedillo
1994 ($ 3.450.oo) 2000 ($ 9.450.00) per dollar:
Devaluation, 174%
After the 1994 crisis, 50% of the population in extreme poverty fell and thousands of families the middle class lost their homes because they can not pay their mortgages.
ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION BEGINNING AND END OF THE PRI dictatorship
VirtualCenter Fox 2000 ($ 9.450 oo) 2006 ($ 11.000.oo) per dollar:
Devaluation, 16.4%. Inflation and devaluation
under control and international reserves by seventy thousand million
Felipe Calderón 2006 ($ 11.000.oo) 2010 ($ 12.300.oo)
Devaluation, 12%.
Inflation and devaluation under control and international reserves per cent ten billion dollars.
After a hundred years of pranks and revelry in front of the allegory allegorical monument to the revolution, millions of peasants still live in poverty while the heirs of the agricultural and business chiefs live in opulence.
example of this is the CNC (National Peasant Confederation), an organization calls each year more and more money from the federal budget only for distribution among the members supuestamete ejido leaders and advocates for poor farmers.
Much of the misfortune of the Mexican countryside is due to improper political manipulation of the PRI CNC (Organization Mexican ejidatarios, communal, land seekers, wage earners and agricultural producers founded in August 1938) managed from its origins as the boss of bosses Yucatec Victor Cervera Pacheco PRI or demagogic politicians like Mrs. Beatriz Paredes crop just only know how to cultivate roses in the sea, or white roses in June as in January.
sector will field 36 billion additional dollars from the federal budget in 2011 ('and wanted four million pesos in 1400 over the gum p'a the twins), of which most will go at the hands of the usual, leaving crumbs for the millions of poor ejidatarios to which the Mexican Revolution would never have been done justice.
During the armed revolt started in 1910 officially put capesinos two million dead, and opportunistic politicians received money from corruption
revolutionary opportunist leaders from 1980 to 2010 CNC
Victor Cervera Pacheco ( 1980-1983), Mario Hernandez Posadas (1983-1986), Hector Hugo Olivares Ventura (1986-1988), Maximiliano Silerio Esparza (1988-1992), Hugo Andrés Araujo (1992-1995) -, Beatriz Paredes Rangel (1995-1998 ) - Heladio Ramírez López (1998-2007) Cruz Lopez Aguilar (2007 - 2010)
Be left to the CNC Cardenas PRI caciques 1938 to 2010 has been a betrayal of revolutionary principles Zapatistas.
was like letting a herd of pigs in the care of a large corn bodge tight.
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO000OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
Some insist that the macabre HISOTRIA MEXICAN recycled as of 01 December 2012 COMMITTED TO IGNORANCE and forgetfulness of millions of Mexicans.
Enrique Peña Nieto (PRI proudly) is a descendant of Severiano Pena, who was mayor of Acambay, State of Mexico on four occasions in 1914, 1916, 1921 and 1923. ("effective suffrage, no re-election? - chiefdom above is not political?)
is also familiar, both from his mother or his father, two former governors:
His father, Gilberto Enrique Peña del Mazo, a relative of Alfredo del Mazo Gonzalez and his mother, Mary of Perpetual Help Ofelia Nieto Sanchez, the daughter of Constantino Enrique Nieto Montiel, Arturo Montiel Rojas family (orgullosamnete PRI).
In May 1990, Peña Nieto at the age of 24 years (the face of the new PRI Salinas) during salinato was secretary of the Citizens Movement of Zone I of the State Executive Committee of the Confederation National People's Organizations. (CNOP) today in 2010 is national president Emilio Gamboa Patron proudly conspicuous Echeverria PRI since 1972
A year later participated as a delegate of the Front of organizations and citizens in different municipalities of Mexico and was also an instructor for Electoral Training Center Institutional Revolutionary Party.
Between April and July 1993 at the age of 27 years was treasurer Peña Nieto --- --- Finance Committee of the State Executive Committee of the PRI candidate's campaign for governor Emilio Chuayffet Chemor.
Six years later, in 1999 at age 33 years Would become - subcoordinator financial - of the campaign's uncle Arturo Montiel Rojas.
Peña Nieto In 2005 he ran for governor of Mexico with the blessing of nepotism and corruption that characterized the six-year term State of Mexico Arturo Montiel.
THE FIVE GOALS PEÑA NET
November 17th 2010 - Toluca Mexico, Enrique Peña Nieto presented the results of the thematic forums "Commitment to Mexico," which was analyzed for the umpteenth time, the economy, society , culture, education, public safety and policy
In presenting the findings These forums, Peña said, "This is the gift that delivers the State of Mexico to the nation.
The five net (occurrences) of Pena already been raised with other words for more than ten years and if they have not succeeded is because of the PRI deputies or senators and business partners instead of paying living wages to their workers and invest their profits in Mexico prefer to divert to other countries.
MY GIFT FOR JOURNALISTS .
My gift for journalists is that the alleged seller net Penalty goals.
1.-Security: For journalists feel safe in doing their job, you must create specialized police to protect journalists by making a dozen service and bodyguards for the monitor 24 hours a day.
2 .- Poverty: Fairness in the newspaper industry in which a few journalists are rich and mostly poor, it is necessary to make a bag with the salaries of all journalists and distribute the money collected monthly equally among all members of the ANPAC and with that we end up with 50% of poverty within the guild
3 .- Education: University must create digital for journalists to raise their international competitiveness so that they can access (access) wages over one hundred thousand dollars annually.
4 .- Health: As the services of IMSS and ISSSTE are of poor quality and do not have enough drugs, told reporters they should provide insurance for major medical expenses to be treated in the best private hospitals in Mexico or Houston Texas Pension
5 .-: It postponed the pension for the period given at the time equivalent to the salary of the directors of the IFE (thirty-three thousand three hundred dollars a month) and 90% discount on airfare for can travel around the world.
THE PYLON. 6 .-
Policy: You must create additional space on TV, radio and newspapers national movement that we have full-time journalists able to bring all the reluctance on political parties to eliminate the multimember, IFE reduce spending, reduce the financial assistance to political parties, reduce spending in the House of Representatives and approve the second round of voting for presidential elections. (a one-hour program on TV. from Monday to Sunday for every journalist is the goal).
7 .- Democracy: Delete the undemocratic obstruction (blockage) in the hands of the common applications (PAN / PRD in the State of Mexico) between the chiefdom PRI opposition parties octogenarian.
If the above do not achieve in six years, never mind, good enough for that and others will come to see their faces of cousins.
last depth study helps us understand the present and of us depends on whether we want a new story to tell for the next hundred years, or by careless stumble back from the stones.
2005 SAME STONE
Citlali Ibañez Camacho (Y. Polevnsky) lost the 2005 election as governor of Mexico. Rubén Mendoza Ayala
(PAN) won 24.8% of the vote and YP (PRD) 24.2% versus 47.3% who achieved the PRI - Enrique Peña Nieto.
YP in 2005 won 24.2% of the vote won the third place because no one knew, though everyone now knows obtedrá only 12% of the vote because the poor state of Mexico will not vote for a "pirrurrurris" of rare surnames .
Only such "Johnny" would get more votes than AMLO's candidate in the State of Mexico, but with that of the mere hours cracks, which just so sick to put in place Alejandro Encinas.
VIVA DEMOCRACY VIVA PARTNERSHIP FOR PAN-PRD governor MEXICO STATE. HAZARDOUS Trips
THEREWITH PRI-EDRA
Copy and paste
the link below in the upper left of your computer
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ss39rn_qeYU
201 CHAIR FOR 2
The following are not written in any Maya codex, but it is very likely to happen.
1 .- Heriberto Felix Guerra (HEFE)-SEDESOL-National Action Party. 2 .-
Beltrones Manlio Favio - (MAFABE) - Senator of the Republic-PRI.
3 .- Marcelo Ebrard (MEC)-head of government of the DF-PRD .
already pointed it out the spirit of Francis I. Madero by a democratic spirit communication channel , Revolutionary and independent. "XHTV-OUIJA"
http://mariokamargointelectuales.blogspot.com
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